![]() ![]() Maximum free fall of concrete allowed to 1.50m.When concrete is to be laid under water, Quick setting cement is used.The normal consistency of Portland cement is about 25%.Initial and Final setting time of cement is determined by Vicat’s apparatus.The final setting time of ordinary Portland cement should not be more than 10 hours.The initial setting time of ordinary Portland cement should not be less than 30 minutes.Ordinary Portland cement consists of 62 to 67% of Lime.The ingredients of ordinary cements are Lime, Silica, Alumina, Calcium sulphate, Iron oxide, Magnesia, Sulphur & Alkali’s.The burning of dry bricks is done either in clamp or in a kiln.Moulding of bricks may be hand moulding or machine moulding.Process of manufacturing of bricks consists of Preparation of brick clay, Moulding bricks, Drying of bricks and Burning of bricks.The excess of silica in the clay makes the brick brittle and weak.Maximum water absorption of first class brick is 15% of its dry weight.Compressive strength of bricks is 3.5 N/mm2.Colour of good brick is deep red, cherry or copper colored.A good brick clay contains 20 to 30% of alumina, 50 to 60% of silica and the remaining constituents are Lime, Magnesia, Sodium, Potassium, Manganese and iron oxide.Tensile or Flexural strength of concrete = 0.7√fck.PH value of the water should not be less than 6.Final setting time of Cement = 10hrs = 600 minutes.Initial setting time of Cement= 30 minutes.1 bag of cement = 1.25 cubit feet = 0.0347 cubic meter.Binding wire required in steel reinforcement is 8kg per MT.Longitudinal reinforcement should not be less than 0.8% and not be more than 6% of gross area of cross section.Minimum diameter used for Dowels Bars is 12mm.Chairs minimum of 12 mm diameter bars to be used.Maximum diameterof bars used in Slab = 1/8 × thickness of slab.Minimum number of bars used in Circular Column = 6 bars.Minimum number of bars used in Square or Rectangular Column = 4 bars.Minimum diameter of bars used in Column= 12mm.Minimum diameter of bars used in Slab = 8mm.Bars having more than this diameter are not allowed. Maximum diameter of the bars used for lapping is 36mm.This formula sheet will help candidates to know how the formula PDF will look once they download it for their learning purposes. Look at the important formula for the solid mechanics in the attached image below. The solid mechanics' formula sheet looks like the important formula PDF, which will be helpful for various competitive exams like GATE, ESE, SSC JE, State AE, etc. For the revision of the whole strength of materials subject, this formula sheet will be very useful to the students. From the competitive exam point of view, this subject has a good weightage, so students must have a good idea about this subject to solve those questions. The strength of materials should be known before the designing of any structure to avoid excessive load on the structure in failure, so this subject has much practical importance to civil engineering students. And solid mechanics gives a basic understanding of the various parameters that civil engineers must know. The concept of solid mechanics is very useful to learn structural analysis properly. The Strength of material is among the most important subjects for GATE and ESE examinations. Important formulas for solid mechanics are very useful for revising the strength of material before competitive examinations like GATE and ESE. Important Formulas for Solid Mechanics for the GATE Exam ![]()
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